Elastography is a medical procedure analogous to conventional palpation.  It is commonly used to detect tumors and other abnormalities that cause changes in local tissue stiffness.  Quasi-static ela...
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Radiosensitive films are used to measure radiation dose, for example, to calibrate equipment prior to cancer treatment. They provide high spatial resolution and are especially useful in advanced syste...
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Elastography is a type of imaging technique that reveals the stiffness of tissues. It commonly is used to detect tumors and other abnormalities that cause changes in local tissue stiffness. Measuremen...
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External beam radiation therapy degrades the rapidly dividing cells of a tumor by directing high-energy radiation into the target of interest to eradicate it. The efficacy of the treatment is strongly...
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While primary liver cancer remains one of the most pervasive solid malignancies worldwide—afflicting a million new patients annually—more than 70 percent of cases are ineligible for surgical remov...
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In radiation therapy, particularly with 4-D planning and adaptive radiotherapy, multiple images almost always are acquired and utilized as part of the therapy. A treatment plan is defined on an image ...
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External beam radiation therapy commonly is used to treat cancer patients by directing one or more beams of high energy radiation, such as X-rays, toward a tumor.  Current photon-based radiation ther...
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Proton therapy is a form of external beam radiation therapy in which a particle accelerator is used to target a tumor with a beam of protons. Protons have a certain range, or stopping power, and few p...
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Optimizing design plans involving systems and methods for radiation therapy has been a widely researched topic. A common goal is to deliver varying doses of radiation during treatment (higher doses to...
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Radiation therapy methods such as external beam radiation therapy are administered by directing beams of radiation toward a defined target volume in a patient. A radiation therapy plan is used to dete...
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Conventional external beam radiation therapy is used for cancer treatment by irradiating a defined target region using beams of ionizing radiation. The purpose of a treatment plan is to accurately ide...
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Clinical hyperthermia involves elevating the temperature of targeted tissue for therapeutic means. In oncology, hyperthermia can be used to make cancer cells more susceptible to radiation therapy or c...
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External beam radiation therapy is a tumor treatment technique that directs one or more high-energy radiation beams to the tumor. Advanced external beam radiation systems treat tumors with multiple x-...
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Radiopharmaceuticals are radioactive materials that “target” specific tissues to allow imaging or treatment. During radiation therapy, the radiopharmaceutical must be administered to provide a rad...
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Prostate cancer is often treated today by implanting tiny sources of radiation, known as seeds, in and around the tumorous tissue, a treatment known as brachytherapy. In order to deliver the prescribe...
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Brachytherapy is a radiation treatment in which small, radioactive seeds are placed into a patient’s body to destroy diseased tissue. In placing these radiation sources, particularly in the region b...
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Radiofrequency (RF) tumor ablation involves the passing of an electrical current from a probe inserted into the tumor to a ground pad situated on the patient’s skin. The high current density near th...
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Radio frequency (RF) ablation is an important method of treating non-resectable primary and metastatic liver tumors. The technique uses an electric current to destroy tumor cells with heat, resulting ...
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The liver is a common site for both primary and metastasizing cancer. Surgical resection, the preferred treatment for liver cancer, is a time consuming procedure during which the surgeon must cut thro...
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Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world and is frequently fatal.  Surgical resection currently is the preferred treatment for liver cancer.  During the time-consuming treatment, a ...
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In microwave ablation, a coaxial microwave antenna is inserted into tissue in or near a tumor to deliver microwave energy to the region and remove the tumor. The specific absorption rate (SAR) pattern...
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Prostate cancer is often treated today by brachytherapy, a procedure that involves implanting tiny radiation sources, known as seeds, in and around the tumor. Guided by real-time ultrasound imaging, s...
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Before, after, and during radiation therapy, images of the patient are generated to ensure that radiation is delivered to the tumor site’s precise location. Instruments known as portal imaging devic...
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Radiation therapists must carefully determine beam angles and radiation dose to accurately target tumors while avoiding healthy tissue.  Of special importance are nearby organs-at-risk, which often a...
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One problem associated with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is that the precise position, shape and size of the target often changes between the time the plan was developed and the actual...
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