Semiconductor heterojunction structures comprising lattice mismatched, single-crystalline semiconductor materials and methods of fabricating the heterojunction structures are provided. The heterojunct...
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Flexible electronics such as pliant displays, wearable electronics and new biomedical devices have gained popularity in recent years. Such devices are mounted on a supple plastic support layer and off...
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Electronic waste management remains an ongoing challenge both domestically and abroad. Scrap components of electronics such as computers, cellphones and refrigerators contain high amounts of heavy met...
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Photodetectors convert light signals into electrical signals and are indispensible components in most optoelectronic applications. These devices comprise various designs and materials. In recent years...
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Photoreceptors are specialized cells that capture and convert light into signals that can be processed by the retina and visual centers of the brain. Supportive cells called the retinal pigment epithe...
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Diamond is considered a good material candidate for power electronics, offering reliability, low weight and power switching efficiency. Single-crystalline diamond (SCD) has the best overall properties...
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Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are found in photodetectors, solar cells and other optical sensors. Stacks of DBRs are incorporated in vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs), which are a...
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Conventional light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are made of an upper ‘p-type’ layer, a middle ‘intrinsic region’ and a bottom ‘n-type’ layer. Such layered structures are called PIN diodes. Curre...
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