With recent advancements in digital imaging, image sensors have become popular for capturing motion in 3-D. However, measuring small scale motion such as fine hand gestures across a user interface rem...
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Science and engineering education faces important challenges in terms of meeting US workforce needs. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that total employment in science and engineering will in...
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Parallel processing enables simultaneous data processing tasks to increase computational speed. To leverage this capability with multiprocessors, first an ordered multiprocessor program defines the or...
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An optical resonator is an arrangement of optical components that allows a beam of light to circulate in a closed path. Nanoresonators are a type of optical resonator that can effectively concentrate ...
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In a phased-array antenna the relative phases of the signals feeding the antennas are varied in such a way that the effective radiation pattern is reinforced in a desired direction and suppressed in u...
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As mobile devices become smaller, touch screen inputs have remain largely unchanged. But the use of the display as an input surface can become a problem as the user’s finger obstructs increasingly l...
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In radiofrequency (RF) communications systems such as wireless local area networks (LANs) and 3G and 4G mobile networks, multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) technology has been crucial for achievin...
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Assessing new varieties of maize and other crops is time-consuming and costly. Researchers must count and weigh kernels from hundreds of ears of corn to measure yield characteristics such as kernel nu...
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Perhaps surprising to many consumers, the industry that produces compute hardware (microprocessors, graphic units, etc.) is highly disconnected from the industry that produces memory storage hardware ...
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Finite element analysis (FEA) is a tool commonly used by engineers when designing parts and systems using CAD software. FEA tests the mechanical properties of computer-designed parts so that they can ...
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In the field of quantum computing, the performance of quantum bits (‘qubits’) has advanced rapidly in recent years. In contrast to classical two-state binary systems (0 or 1), each qubit can be a ...
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Lamination includes various techniques of manufacturing materials in multiple layers or ‘plies.’ Laminates are commonly used in the automotive, aerospace, medical and consumer industries. A simple...
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The development of smaller, denser transistors has revolutionized computer performance but given rise to power dissipation problems, wherein a chip or part of a chip consumes more power than can effec...
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The rapid proliferation of wireless devices has caused a surge in data rates. Higher frequencies including millimeter wave frequencies (30-300 GHz) are being explored to address the spectrum crunch.At...
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Seismic events produce two types of seismic waves, referred to as P waves and S waves. P waves are relatively easy to detect (or “pick”) with software. S waves travel more slowly and arrive in the...
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A quantum computer will allow efficient solutions for certain problems that are intractable on conventional, classical computers, including factoring and quantum simulation of complex systems. While a...
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Parallelization is one technique used to improve software performance and/or energy consumption by dividing the execution of a software program into multiple components that can run simultaneously on ...
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The demand for smaller wireless communication devices that use less power is growing. In particular, radio frequency identification (RFID) systems require small, low-power transmitters to label or “...
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Autism is the fastest growing developmental disability in the United States. Currently the Center for Disease Control estimates that roughly one percent, or 1 in 88 children and 1 in 54 boys between ...
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In a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) system, multiple antennas are used at both the transmitter and receiver to improve communication performance. MIMO systems are key to high capacity communic...
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Wideband high-dimensional antenna arrays are expected to play a key role in future wireless systems. Due to narrow bandwidths, phased array/beamforming methods are the natural choice when it comes to ...
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Executing different portions of a program in parallel on different processors is known as parallelism. While this can boost how fast a program is executed, increased parallelism is not always benefici...
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Managing the power consumption of computer systems is important for reducing energy costs as well as prolonging battery life on portable devices. Power delivered to a computer normally passes through ...
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In computer memory there is a tradeoff between capacity (how much data can be stored) and latency (how quickly it can be accessed). To achieve a balance, typical memory systems employ a hierarchy of d...
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Image signal processors (ISPs) are specialized circuits in cameras that help rapidly process image data. ISPs provide white balance, geometric correction and other functions that make an image suitabl...
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