Materials & Chemicals
Improved Immiscible Alloy Formation with Stabilizing Nanoparticles
WARF: P120305US01
Inventors: Xiaochun Li, Lianyi Chen, Jiaquan Xu
The Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (WARF) is seeking commercial partners interested in developing a method utilizing nanoparticles to control the growth and dispersion of minority phase droplets in immiscible alloys.
Overview
Immiscible alloys are composed of materials that meld together above a certain temperature but become unstable and separate as the solution cools. For example, elements like bismuth or tin may coagulate into particles that grow and sink to the bottom of a solidifying aluminum-based alloy. The uneven distribution of such droplets can result in poor material properties and limit promising applications like semiconductors and self-lubricating bearings.
The alloy component that separates into droplets is termed the ‘minority phase’ because it takes up a smaller weight percent of the solution than the ‘majority phase’ material. A new technique that better restricts the growth and dispersion of minority phase particles could lead to dramatically improved alloys.
The alloy component that separates into droplets is termed the ‘minority phase’ because it takes up a smaller weight percent of the solution than the ‘majority phase’ material. A new technique that better restricts the growth and dispersion of minority phase particles could lead to dramatically improved alloys.
The Invention
UW–Madison researchers have developed a method for controlling the size of minority phase droplets during alloy formation. The approach utilizes nanoparticles to rapidly restrict the growth of the droplets after they nucleate and to inhibit coagulation when they collide, allowing for a more uniform mixture.
The nanoparticles are made of a thermally stable ceramic or other material, and are added to the hot liquid alloy solution. Only then is the melt allowed to cool, with the nanoparticles spontaneously assembling between the growing droplets and the rest of the material. In this way, the nanoparticles act as a thin coating around the droplets to prevent them from growing, coalescing and sinking.
The nanoparticles are made of a thermally stable ceramic or other material, and are added to the hot liquid alloy solution. Only then is the melt allowed to cool, with the nanoparticles spontaneously assembling between the growing droplets and the rest of the material. In this way, the nanoparticles act as a thin coating around the droplets to prevent them from growing, coalescing and sinking.
Applications
- Immiscible alloy casting
- Manufacturing of bearings, giant magnetoresistive (GMR) materials, superconductors and power electronic switches
Key Benefits
- Highly uniform droplet distribution
- Controls droplet growth and sedimentation (with droplet size down to µm, even nm scale)
- Method can be carried out at cooling rates much lower than those used in rapid cooling techniques.
- Unlike microparticles, nanoparticles usually enhance, rather than deteriorate, alloy properties.
Additional Information
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